Problem 1.

 a. What is the frame semantics of the concept Journey? Give the semantic roles, the scenario structure, the properties of the roles and the relationships among them, and any presuppositions.

 b. Show how the following words are defined in the frame: destination, set out, crossroads, roadblock, lost, off course, baggage, make progress, schedule.

 c. What do the following sentences entail? Show how the entailments of each come out of the structure of the frame and the way the words in them are defined in terms of elements of the frame.

 1. We just set out.
2. We're lost.
3. We've reached our destination.
4. We've hit a roadblock.
5. We're at a crossroads.
6. We haven't made much progress.
7. We're ahead of schedule.
8. We're off course.
9. We took too much baggage.
10. We took too little baggage.

Problem 2. Here is the basic event structure metaphor (ESM).

The Basic Event Structure Metaphor

*States Are Locations (interiors of bounded regions in space).
*Changes Are Movements (into or out of bounded regions).
*Causes Are Forces.
*Causation Is Forced Movement (from one location to another).
*Actions Are Self-propelled Movements.
*Purposes Are Destinations.
*Means are Paths (to destinations).
*Difficulties Are Impediments to Motion.
*Freedom of Action Is the Lack of Impediments to Motion.
*External Events Are Large, Moving Objects (that exert force).
*Long-term, Purposeful Activities are Journeys.

 How does the ESM map the Journey frame onto the domain of events? What is the resulting frame in the target domain? Which of the sentences of problem 1 have meanings that result from the ESM. How are their entailments mapped onto the domain of events? Are any not mapped? Discuss.

Problem 3. Here are sentences which are instances of two metaphors that are variations on the event structure metaphor (that is, they are other metaphors that overlap with the ESM in some submappings). State the two metaphors and mappings, discuss how they are variants of the ESM, and tell which sentences fit which metaphors.

1. This project is crawling along.
2. I was drawn into the bank robbery.
3. The new stadium is bogged down in the approval process.
4.I've taken steps toward canceling my policy.
5. He came near to resigning.
6. The renovation is at a crossroads .
7.The council brought the project into compliance with state regulations.
8.I'm leaning toward leaving.
9. We've accelerated the building of the new bridge.
10. He backed away from running for Congress.

Problem 4. Speculate on what a neural theory of frames and metaphors would be like.

 This homework is due Wednesday, April 7.