A Multi-perspective Analysis of Carrier-Grade NAT Deployment

TitleA Multi-perspective Analysis of Carrier-Grade NAT Deployment
Publication TypeConference Paper
Year of Publication2016
AuthorsRichter, P., Wohlfart F., Vallina-Rodriguez N., Allman M., Bush R., Feldmann A., Kreibich C., Weaver N., & Paxson V.
Published inProceedings of ACM Internet Measurement Conference
Date Published11/2016
Abstract

As ISPs face IPv4 address scarcity they increasingly turn to network address translation (NAT) to accommodate the address needs of their customers. Recently, ISPs have moved beyond employing NATs only directly at individual customers and instead begun deploying Carrier-Grade NATs (CGNs) to apply address translation to many independent and disparate endpoints spanning physical locations, a phenomenon that so far has received little in the way of empirical assessment. In this work we present a broad and systematic study of the deployment and behavior of these middleboxes. We develop a methodology to detect the existence of hosts behind CGNs by extracting non-routable IP addresses from peer lists we obtain by crawling the BitTorrent DHT. We complement this approach with improvements to our Netalyzr troubleshooting service, enabling us to determine a range of indicators of CGN presence as well as detailed insights into key properties of CGNs. Combining the two data sources we illustrate the scope of CGN deployment on today's Internet, and report on characteristics of commonly deployed CGNs and their effect on end users.

URLhttp://www.icir.org/mallman/pubs/RWV+16/RWV+16.pdf
ICSI Research Group

Networking and Security

Awards

IRTF ANRP 2017